The Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Awareness and Knowl- edge Questionnaire (Kayaniyil et al. 2009) was used to mea- sure disease knowledge. It was revised from the Cardiac Knowledge Questionnaire (Maeland & Havik 1987) and the Coronary Heart Disease Knowledge test (Smith et al. 1991). Originally, it consisted of 23 items measuring pathophys- iology, cause, risk factors, symptoms, treatment and major causes of death in the United States