In this section the factors developed in the SWOT framework were mapped into a TOWS
matrix. There were five factors about strengths, six about weaknesses, five about
opportunities and three about threats. Strategies were developed by placing the internal
strengths and weaknesses in the context of external opportunities and threats. The mapped
strategies, symbolized as SO, WO, ST and WT, are the benchmark for the strategic
development of green logistics in Taiwan. The results are summarized in Table 4.