The coupling between the electric and magnetic fields is based on an experimental relation known as Faraday’s law. This law
was formulated in 1831 by Michael Faraday following a series of experiments. Faraday 1 observed that if he moved a closed
loop in the magnetic field of a magnet or if he moved the magnet while the loop remained stationary, a current flowed in the
loop. This current was not due to external sources but rather was induced in the loop by the change in the magnetic flux. He
also found that the current was proportional to the rate of change of flux.