Civil society has and does transform how business is done, of that there is no doubt. Just as black South Africans boycotted white businesses during apartheid, so Chinese consumers vilified and abandoned French-owned shops, at least temporarily, when French President Sarkozy met with the Dalai Lama in December 2008. Nestle, Nike, McDonald s, and Shell have joined a long list of global businesses that have visibly yielded to the perceived threat of damage to their cherished brand values created by targeted campaigns by community groups, environmental and human rights organizations, and labor unions. Such actions have clearly made a difference. Greater corporate transparency, new codes of conduct, a mainstream profession of social auditing that was considered exotic in the 1990s, and collaboratively developed standards on everything from sustainable forestry to Internet privacy have shaped corporate practices and improved the lot of workers in global supply chains, communities located around mining operations, indigenous groups protecting their bio-homes, and endangered species from whales to tree frogs. It is no longer possible to be a Western mainstream consumer brand and not commit to labor and environmental standards down one’s global supply chain, just as it would be tough for any major Western financial institution funding major infrastructure projects not to sign up to the Equator Principles. In such senses, the basis on which business is done has been transformed, not merely the behavior of specific businesses that have been targeted by public campaigns. Progress has clearly been made through these new forms of collaborative governance ( Slaughter 2005 ).