Health promotion has been defined by the World Health Organization's 2005 Bangkok charter for Health promotion in a Globalized World as "the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health" The primary means of health promotion occur through developing healthy public policy that addresses the prerequisites of health such as income, housing, food security, employment, and quality working conditions. There is a tendency among public health officials and governments-and this is especially the case in liberal nations such as Canada and the USA-to reduce health promotion to health education and social marketing focused on changing behavioral risk factors.