Ion channels are multipass transmembrane proteins that form small aqueous pores across a membrane and allow ions to flow down their electrochemical gradient. They are ubiquitously present in all organisms and exhibit a significant role as sensor and effector molecules. Ion channels can be broadly classified into voltage gated, ligand gated and mechanical gated ion channels. A voltage gated ion channel is regulated by voltage difference across a membrane and a ligand gated ion channel responds to a ligand–