decline did not occur all at once in the tenth year. Rather, it was a gradual decline that began in
the first year of observation and continued past the 10-year mark.
Parents and Grandparents had an incidence very similar to that seen in Figure 8, with the
exception of the long-term elderly Parents and Grandparents who had a higher incidence than the
average. Provincial supplements for Parents and Grandparents, were also very close to the
averages seen in Figure 8 but with an even sharper decline at the 10-year mark. In contrast, Other
Family immigrants had a constant incidence of 15 to 20 percent for all elderly groups and for all
years since landing. Other Family immigrants also had slightly lower average provincial
supplements and a less noticeable decline at the 10-year mark.
Long-term elderly Refugees had an incidence of provincial supplements like that of the longterm
elderly Parents and Grandparents; specifically, the incidence fluctuated between 20 and 30
percent with no apparent relationship to years since landing. However, Refugees in the shortterm
and immediate elderly groups had the highest incidence of all categories in the first few
years after landing. Incidence began at 80 and 90 percent for short-term and immediate elders,
respectively. It declined gradually as years since landing increased and by the 20-year mark
incidence was 50 percent for short-term elders and 70 percent for immediate elders.
Retired immigrants had the lowest incidence of provincial supplements and the lowest average
provincial supplements. For all elderly groups incidence remained equal to or less than 10
percent and average provincial supplements was approximately $1 000.