According Alderfer ERG Theory (George and Jones, 2012), safety is part of the existence needs that can motivate
an action by a person. As earlier mentioned, the preferences of a person towards landscape visuals reflect the
person’s potential actions due to the desire to satisfy his needs. Photographs 1, 2 and 3 of Penang Botanical Gardenshowed landscapes that were legible and coherent. Photograph 5 showed a scene of overhanging shrubbery and trees
and had moderate scores.