solubility increased due to the disruption of starch granules and
exposure of hydrophilic groups.
SWC was higher in PSF and USF than in PF and UF. Swelling
capacity of PF and UF was lower at 55 C and increased with
increasing drying temperature. On the other hand, PSF and USF
had lower SWC at 60 C than at 55 C; SWC then increased with
increasing drying temperature. Low swelling capacity is caused
by the presence of a large number of crystallites, which increase
granular stability, thereby reducing the extent of granular swelling.
When starch is gelatinized at a certain temperature, the molecular
organisation is disrupted within the granules and the starch–water
interactions increase, resulting in a substantial increase in the
swelling