A significant wave of horror films emerged from Germany during the Expressionist movement. The films were shot with an unnatural look that sought to exclude the natural world; it was a reaction to the realism that had preceded it and the films were characterized by extreme angles, distorting lenses, chiaroscuro lighting, and stylized acting. The first of these films was The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari in 1920, directed by Robert Wiene. This was a hit internationally and was to influence subsequent films in the genre. The movement began to wane in the early 1930s when many of the film directors, as well as actors and other film workers, moved to the United States following the onset of Nazi power in Germany. Their influence can be recognized in American films of the era.