3.2. Fluctuating asymmetry
summarises the results for the analysis of FA in all traits and for both species. As the residuals of the ANOVA model are not normally distributed, we only present results from non-parametric approaches (the details of the statistical tests used to test for normality of data are shown in Appendix in Supplementary data).Table 4 summarises the results for the permutation tests that test for the statistical significance of differences in FA among sampling sites for each trait and both species. Table 5 summarises the results for the bootstrap procedure that tests for the statistical significance of all pairwise comparisons in FA among sampling sites for each trait and both species (for a detailed account of the results from the bootstrap procedure, see supplementary Table 1). Results of effect size analyses are reported in Table 6.