Antioxidant effects
The carnitines exert a substantial antioxidant action, thereby providing a protective
effect against lipid peroxidation of phospholipid membranes and against oxidative
stress induced at the myocardial and endothelial cell level.
a dashed line (without arrowheads) between two compound names is meant to imply that the two names are just different instantiations of the same compound -- i.e. one may be a specific name and the other a general name, or they may both represent the same compound in different stages of a polymerization-type pathway. This view shows enzymes only for those organisms listed below, in the list of taxa known to possess the pathway. If an enzyme name is shown in bold, there is experimental evidence for this enzymatic activity.