1. Introduction
The surfaces of Mars and the moon are covered with a layer of dust. In the case of Mars, the material on the surface has been homogenized by the dust transport mechanism caused by global dust storms and dust devils. Except for the individual dust clearing events experienced by NASA’s Spirit and Opportunity rovers – believed to have been produced by a passing dust devil – the accumulation of dust on the rover’s solar panels decreases
$ This paper was presented during the 61st IAC in Prague. n Corresponding author.
E-mail address: carlos.i.calle@nasa.gov (C.I. Calle). their efficiency. In the case of the moon, the entire surface is covered with a layer of dust with sizes in the micrometer and sub-micrometer range. This layer of dust is