- the harsh nature of the tight fiscal and monetary policies without due regard for social or political consequences;
- unwillingness to allow non-market-based interventions such as controls on capital flows;
- imposition of full guarantees for creditors of financial institutions;
- imposition of relatively rapid structural reform measures, such as stringent financial standards and corporate restructuring as well as privatization of state-owned enterprises; and
- lack of input from within the region so that the programs did not take sufficient account of the sociopolitical realities of the affected countries.