3.2. Haplotype networks
The parsimonious haplotype networks of the A. akallopisos/perideraion/sandaracinos complex revealed three clearly separated clades for both markers (Fig. 3).
These clades were concordant to the morphologically defined species and no geographical pattern could be observed.
For the CR network the numbers of mutational steps in the A. akallopisos clade were 6–13, and in the A. perideraion clade 1–21.
Two sub-clades, separated by 19 mutations, were present in A. sandaracinos.
Within these sub-clades the variation was between one and four steps. The mutational steps between species pairs were 59 (A. akallopisos–A. perideraion) and 53 (A. perideraion–
A. sandaracinos).
In the cyt b network the number of mutational steps between A. akallopisos and A. perideraion was 10 and between A. perideraion and A. sandaracinos 5.
Within the species clades, there was one dominant haplotype in each, and one or two other
haplotypes separated by only one or two mutational steps.
The haplotype network of the A. ocellaris/percula species complex based on the CR dataset showed that A. ocellaris is separated from A. percula collected in Tomini Bay by 80 substitutions (Fig. 4a).
The genetic break between A. ocellaris individuals from Padang and its conspecifics from other sample sites was determined by 31 substitutions. Two to 25 mutational steps separated the haplotypes within each clade of this species.
The populations of A. percula in Tomini Bay and Biak were divided by 41 steps.
The sequences of A. percula from New Britain were strongly separated to those from
Biak by 82 substitutions
*Fig. 3. Haplotype networks of (a) CR and (b) cyt b sequences of Amphiprion akallopisos, A. perideraion and A. sandaracinos from different locations in the Indo-Malay Archipelago. Pattern fillings of circles correspond to the different sample locations and numbers indicate mutational steps. The size of the circles indicate the haplotype frequencies.
within each clade of this species. The populations of A. percula in Tomini Bay and Biak were divided by 41 steps.
The sequences of A. percula from New Britain were strongly separated to those from Biak by 82 substitutions.
Within each population of A. percula we found 2–26 mutational steps. Especially among haplotypes from
Tomini Bay a high variability could be observed.
The cyt b network showed the same division into five clades corresponding to geographical regions.
The population of Padang was separated from the other A. ocellaris populations by three
steps. The same separation was revealed between A. percula from Tomini Bay and Biak.
The mutational steps between A. ocellaris and A. percula from Tomini Bay was with 15 noticeable higher.
In this dataset, the clade of New Britain and Solomon Islands was connected
to Tomini Bay, separated by 13 mutations, instead of Biak, as it was shown in the CR dataset. In both networks, one sequence, sampled in Biak, was included into the New Britain clade, as shown in the trees.