assessed energy savings
potentials of sugar cane systems by running a number of scenarios.
These included a scenario where molasses is converted to ethanol
using coal as the primary energy source and the distillery effluent
is treated in anaerobic ponds. This scenario is used in the present
study serving as a baseline scenario, termed ‘business-as-usual’
(BAU) scenario. In addition to BAU, we set up an alternative scenario
for GHG reduction based on two assumptions. First, the distillery
effluent is collected for anaerobic digestion to recover
biogas for energy use in ethanol conversion. Second, the gap between
energy need for ethanol conversion and energy supply from
biogas is filled using some kind of ‘‘waste biomass’’ which is
widely available in Thailand, e.g. rice husk, wood waste, corn cob