1.Excess fluid volume related to decreased Glomerular filtration rate and sodium retention.
Goal : Achieving fluid and electrolyte balance
Nursing Intervention
Monitor urinary output and urine specific gravity; measure and record intake and output including urine, gastric suction, stools, wound drainage, perspiration (estimate).
Monitor serum and urine electrolyte concentrations.
Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypovolemia or hypervolemia because regulating capacity of kidneys is inadequate.
Inspect neck veins for engorgement and extremities, abdomen, sacrum, and eyelids for edema.
Evaluate for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia, and monitor serum potassium levels.
Administer sodium bicarbonate or glucose and insulin to shift potassium into the cells.
Instruct patient about the importance of following prescribed diet, avoiding foods high in potassium.
Prepare for dialysis when rapid lowering of potassium is needed