1. Criminal Procedure
Old Thai laws used the method of bodily infliction and torture, called Jareet Nakornbarn, to prove guilt. An accused might be nailed through his nails, or have the temple of his head compressed for confession. To prove guilt, an accused might be forced to walk through fire, or to submerge himself in water. These methods were based on the principle that an accused was already a criminal. This way of proof brought an accused excessive suffering
At that t This deficient method to prove guilt was the strongest reason for westerners to refuse Thai jurisdiction, and to make provisions for extraterritoriality with Thailand. A Thai lawyer who lived during the reformation, who had a perspective different from nationalists’ opinions, stated that
2.Severity of punishment
Under old Thai laws, punishments were extremely severe. Not only was there the death penalty, there were also punishments such as the cutting off of limbs, hands and feet, pillory, flogging, tattooing a mark on the face indicating a criminal offence, confiscating all properties of the criminal’s family, and all kinds of public humiliation.
3.Arbitrariness
The period of punishment under old Thai laws was not exactly specified. Some criminals were imprisoned lengthily without proper cause. One of the royal duties of the king under the ancient tradition said that the king was the supreme judge who could appoint any punishment as the king pleased upon the accused. This way of punishment had worked for a small society. Yet, when the population and the size of the society grew larger, the deliberation of one person, the king, on the punishment of the accused affected the rights and liberties of the citizenry more and more.
In Siam, there are so many prisoners who have been imprisoned without judgments, and prisoners who have no idea how long they will have to be imprisoned. They have been so miserable, so anxious. It is a true pity to see long-term prisoners whose bodies are weaker and weaker. And how much would they be whipped? One day, I had a patient who had been imprisoned for 28 years because of a petty offence and he also did not know whether he had even been found guilty(24).
To solve this problem, King Rama V appointed Prince Bijit, Prince Siridhaj, and Phra-Ya Vudhikaraboti to fix limits on punishments. In 1896, King Rama V granted the metropolitan court and provincial courts the power to fix the limitation of imprisonment. As for old cases that had not had limitations set, King Rama V appointed Prince Rabi to help execute this work as well.
1. ขั้นตอนที่ทางอาญากฎหมายไทยเก่าใช้วิธีการทรมาน เรียกว่า Jareet Nakornbarn และ infliction ร่างกายเพื่อพิสูจน์ความผิด ผู้ต้องหาอาจ nailed ผ่านเล็บของเขา หรือมีวัดหัวบีบสำหรับสารภาพ เพื่อพิสูจน์ความผิด ผู้ต้องหาอาจบังคับเดินผ่านไฟ หรือน้ำจมตัวเอง วิธีการเหล่านี้ได้ยึดตามหลักที่ว่า ผู้ต้องหาได้แล้วก่อการร้าย วิธีนี้พิสูจน์มาทุกข์มากเกินไปเป็นผู้ ในวิธีการขาดสารนี้เพื่อพิสูจน์ความผิดคือ แข็งแกร่งเหตุผลสำหรับชาวตะวันตก จะปฏิเสธอำนาจไทย และ เพื่อให้บทบัญญัติสำหรับสิทธิสภาพนอกอาณาเขตกับประเทศไทย ไทยนักกฎหมายที่อยู่ระหว่างการปฏิรูปศาสนา ที่มีมุมมองแตกต่างจากความเห็นของ nationalists ระบุที่2.ความรุนแรงของการลงโทษภายใต้กฎหมายไทยเก่า ลงโทษรุนแรงมาก ไม่ ได้มีโทษประหารชีวิต มียังถูกลงโทษเช่นการตัดแขนขามือ และเท้า pillory สาหัส เพ้นท์แบบชั่วคราวเครื่องหน้าบ่งชี้อาญา และคุณสมบัติทั้งหมดของครอบครัวของอาญา และผู้ทรงสาธารณะทุกชนิด3. arbitrarinessThe period of punishment under old Thai laws was not exactly specified. Some criminals were imprisoned lengthily without proper cause. One of the royal duties of the king under the ancient tradition said that the king was the supreme judge who could appoint any punishment as the king pleased upon the accused. This way of punishment had worked for a small society. Yet, when the population and the size of the society grew larger, the deliberation of one person, the king, on the punishment of the accused affected the rights and liberties of the citizenry more and more.In Siam, there are so many prisoners who have been imprisoned without judgments, and prisoners who have no idea how long they will have to be imprisoned. They have been so miserable, so anxious. It is a true pity to see long-term prisoners whose bodies are weaker and weaker. And how much would they be whipped? One day, I had a patient who had been imprisoned for 28 years because of a petty offence and he also did not know whether he had even been found guilty(24).To solve this problem, King Rama V appointed Prince Bijit, Prince Siridhaj, and Phra-Ya Vudhikaraboti to fix limits on punishments. In 1896, King Rama V granted the metropolitan court and provincial courts the power to fix the limitation of imprisonment. As for old cases that had not had limitations set, King Rama V appointed Prince Rabi to help execute this work as well.
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