Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in the message, that is, the combination of sounds, words, and grammar that creates meaning. Bottom-up strategies include
listening for specific details
recognizing cognates
recognizing word-order patterns
Strategic listeners also use metacognitive strategies to plan, monitor, and evaluate their listening.
They plan by deciding which listening strategies will serve best in a particular situation.
They monitor their comprehension and the effectiveness of the selected strategies.
They evaluate by determining whether they have achieved their listening comprehension goals and whether the combination of listening strategies selected was an effective one.
Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in the message, that is, the combination of sounds, words, and grammar that creates meaning. Bottom-up strategies includelistening for specific detailsrecognizing cognatesrecognizing word-order patternsStrategic listeners also use metacognitive strategies to plan, monitor, and evaluate their listening.They plan by deciding which listening strategies will serve best in a particular situation.They monitor their comprehension and the effectiveness of the selected strategies.They evaluate by determining whether they have achieved their listening comprehension goals and whether the combination of listening strategies selected was an effective one.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..