exercise routine; unfortunately, running has also been associated
with a high risk of sustaining an overuse injury.2e4
It has long been considered that the risk of sustaining an
overuse injury as a result of running has been associated with
the repetitive impact force with each foot strike.2e4 Thus, it
has made sense that a wealth of research has been carried out
on shoe design. However, there has yet to be a definitive
answer to the type of shoe that will prevent running injuries. In
any case, there is an abundance of research on factors that
influence impact characteristics during running. For example,
it is known that changes in speed,5e8 stride length,6,9,10
running surfaces,7 and running uphill/downhill11 are factors
that influence impact force. Likewise, there is also a general