Another mitigation strategy is to occasionally drain rice paddies. This reduces methane emissions by eliminating the bacteria that thrive in the oxygen-free setting and produce methane by decomposing manure or other organic matter. A study by Thailand's Graduate School of Energy and Environment examined the balance between methane and nitrous oxide emissions and rice yields. The study found that a three day mid-season drainage during the rice flowering period reduced emissions with a minimal yield reduction. This was suggested as a compromise between the need to mitigate climate change and current socio- economic realities.