To evaluate the energy absorption capability, a single 8/20 µs
impulse current of peak magnitude 10 kA was applied on the
arrester’s high voltage electrode of the model geometries in
PSCAD, EMTP and COMSOL software. Applying the previously
described current (2) for a period of 100 µs, the discharge current
and the residual voltage across the arrester were measured
simultaneously. The changes in the electric field electric potential
distribution were also observed before and after the impulse
current injection in COMSOL software. The absorption of energy
in the arrester was then derived by integrating the product of the
residual voltage and the discharge current with respect to the
duration of the surge as shown by [12]