In hydrothermal conversion of poultry meal, the biochar
yield decreased from 60 to 28 wt.% as the temperature
increased from 160 to 200 C. Almost no biochar was
obtained above 200 C because of the high protein content
of poultry meal. Although the biochar yield was
high at 160 and 175 C, the TG curves of raw material
and both biochars are similar to each other, showing
ineffective carbonization of feedstock. Therefore,
hydrothermal carbonization of poultry meal was not
studied in detail.