Dilemmas in Development
•Economic development in Western countries has been associated with growing urbanization, as reflected in the increasing proportion of the urban population. Hence, economists often consider urbanization as an index of development.
•Growing urbanization = growing concentration of infrastructural networks and capital incentive industrial enterprises.
•This type of concentration has resulted in the existence of ‘dualism’ or coexistence of two separate economic subsystems in an economy, especially in many developing countries.