In the Mediterranean, Dupré et al. (2008) used the Ifremer AsterX
AUV tomap two activemud volcanoes on the eastern Nile Fan, offshore
Egypt, at 1–2 m horizontal resolution. The high-resolution AUV mapping
data revealed numerous features that were unresolvable on shipmounted
MBES data, and provided new insights into the formation
and evolution of the mud volcanoes, Amon and Isis, which are at
water depths of 1120 and 990 m, respectively (Foucher et al., 2009).
Fluid escape was focused at the centres of the mud volcanoes, leading
to a high density of seeps, expulsion ofmud breccia blocks, deformation
of the mud volcano surface, and small landslides at the margins of the
mud volcanoes. The authors also acknowledged the potential for repeat
mapping in the future, to monitor seabed deformation associated with
mud volcano growth. Moss et al. (2012) used a hydrocarbon industry
AUV dataset, comprising 6750 line-km of chirp SBP and MBES bathymetry
and backscatter, to map N25,300 pockmarks across a ~1000 km2
area of the Rosetta Channel region of the Nile Fan. Themajority of pockmarks
were at 400–800 m WD, and the high-resolution mapping data
allowed spatial statistics relating to pockmark distribution and density
to be applied. Highest densities were N600 pockmarks/km2, and the
AUV data allowed a new conceptual model for pockmark distribution
to be developed (termed the ‘pockmark drainage cell’).
In the Mediterranean, Dupré et al. (2008) used the Ifremer AsterX
AUV tomap two activemud volcanoes on the eastern Nile Fan, offshore
Egypt, at 1–2 m horizontal resolution. The high-resolution AUV mapping
data revealed numerous features that were unresolvable on shipmounted
MBES data, and provided new insights into the formation
and evolution of the mud volcanoes, Amon and Isis, which are at
water depths of 1120 and 990 m, respectively (Foucher et al., 2009).
Fluid escape was focused at the centres of the mud volcanoes, leading
to a high density of seeps, expulsion ofmud breccia blocks, deformation
of the mud volcano surface, and small landslides at the margins of the
mud volcanoes. The authors also acknowledged the potential for repeat
mapping in the future, to monitor seabed deformation associated with
mud volcano growth. Moss et al. (2012) used a hydrocarbon industry
AUV dataset, comprising 6750 line-km of chirp SBP and MBES bathymetry
and backscatter, to map N25,300 pockmarks across a ~1000 km2
area of the Rosetta Channel region of the Nile Fan. Themajority of pockmarks
were at 400–800 m WD, and the high-resolution mapping data
allowed spatial statistics relating to pockmark distribution and density
to be applied. Highest densities were N600 pockmarks/km2, and the
AUV data allowed a new conceptual model for pockmark distribution
to be developed (termed the ‘pockmark drainage cell’).
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