Indonesia has the potential to reach its entire population with cooking oil fortified with vitamin A, even its most vulnerable groups in need of this important vitamin. However, it is essential to fortify only cooking oils that meet certain basic quality criteria. Our study shows that unbranded cooking oil with a high initial PV has a very short shelf life and will quickly become unfit for human consumption. To protect human health, the Indonesian government should prohibit highly-oxidized cooking oil from being sold on the market. In addition, the government should promote and endorse the fortification of only cooking oil with low peroxide levels to ensure that fortification is not wrongly associated with health issues caused by the oxidation level of cooking oil.