obese subjects without the metabolic syndrome had more pronounced benefits of weight loss-induced BP reduction than those with the metabolic syndrome.
We previously observed blunted responses of plasma NE
and insulin to oral glucose ingestion in subjects with insulin resistance,
40,56 suggesting that exercise amelioration on insulin resistance
may be an ancillary effect on weight loss-induced BP reduction. In
addition, several investigators57–59 compared the effects of BP and
forearm vascular conductance measured using venous occlusion
plethysmography between D and D+EX groups. Both groups experienced
similar effects on weight loss and BP reductions, although the
forearm vascular conductance responses (improved muscle vasodilation)
during exercise and mental stress increased significantly and was
normalized only in the D+EX group, thereby demonstrating that EX
exerts additional effects and improves vascular dilation. These investigations
highlight the importance of aerobic exercise in weight-loss
programs in order to significantly reduce BP and improve insulin
resistance.