a b s t r a c t
Liposoluble vitamin C derivatives, such as tetra-isopalmitoyl ascorbic acid (IPAA), are often used in
dermocosmetic products due to their higher stability than vitamin C free form as well as its proposed
effects in skin; however, there are no studies analyzing IPAA stability or its in vivo effects when present
in dermocosmetic formulations. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate chemical stability and pre-clinical and
clinical efficacy of dermocosmetic formulations containing IPAA in skin hydration and microrelief. Chemical
stability of the formulations added with 1% IPAA was evaluated by heat stress during 35 days by
HPLC. For pre-clinical evaluation, experimental formulations were topically applied on hairless skin mice
during 5 days and animal skins were analyzed by non-invasive biophysic techniques (water content of
stratum corneum, TEWL, viscoelasticity, and microrelief) and by histopathological studies. For clinical
efficacy tests, the formulations were topically applied to the forearm and face of human volunteers,
and 3 h and 15 days after applications, the skins were evaluated by the same non-invasive techniques
mentioned before. Results showed that formulations containing IPAA had medium stability and had pronounced
moisturizing effects on stratum corneum and on viable epidermis. These formulations also
improved skin microrelief especially in relation to skin smoothness and roughness.
a b s t r a c tLiposoluble vitamin C derivatives, such as tetra-isopalmitoyl ascorbic acid (IPAA), are often used indermocosmetic products due to their higher stability than vitamin C free form as well as its proposedeffects in skin; however, there are no studies analyzing IPAA stability or its in vivo effects when presentin dermocosmetic formulations. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate chemical stability and pre-clinical andclinical efficacy of dermocosmetic formulations containing IPAA in skin hydration and microrelief. Chemicalstability of the formulations added with 1% IPAA was evaluated by heat stress during 35 days byHPLC. For pre-clinical evaluation, experimental formulations were topically applied on hairless skin miceduring 5 days and animal skins were analyzed by non-invasive biophysic techniques (water content ofstratum corneum, TEWL, viscoelasticity, and microrelief) and by histopathological studies. For clinicalefficacy tests, the formulations were topically applied to the forearm and face of human volunteers,and 3 h and 15 days after applications, the skins were evaluated by the same non-invasive techniquesmentioned before. Results showed that formulations containing IPAA had medium stability and had pronouncedmoisturizing effects on stratum corneum and on viable epidermis. These formulations alsoimproved skin microrelief especially in relation to skin smoothness and roughness.
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a b s t r a c t
Liposoluble vitamin C derivatives, such as tetra-isopalmitoyl ascorbic acid (IPAA), are often used in
dermocosmetic products due to their higher stability than vitamin C free form as well as its proposed
effects in skin; however, there are no studies analyzing IPAA stability or its in vivo effects when present
in dermocosmetic formulations. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate chemical stability and pre-clinical and
clinical efficacy of dermocosmetic formulations containing IPAA in skin hydration and microrelief. Chemical
stability of the formulations added with 1% IPAA was evaluated by heat stress during 35 days by
HPLC. For pre-clinical evaluation, experimental formulations were topically applied on hairless skin mice
during 5 days and animal skins were analyzed by non-invasive biophysic techniques (water content of
stratum corneum, TEWL, viscoelasticity, and microrelief) and by histopathological studies. For clinical
efficacy tests, the formulations were topically applied to the forearm and face of human volunteers,
and 3 h and 15 days after applications, the skins were evaluated by the same non-invasive techniques
mentioned before. Results showed that formulations containing IPAA had medium stability and had pronounced
moisturizing effects on stratum corneum and on viable epidermis. These formulations also
improved skin microrelief especially in relation to skin smoothness and roughness.
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