Further evidence for the validity of the NPI-16 comes from recent work by Ames
and Kammrath (2004) on self-estimated performance in interpersonal judgments. In
two studies, participants estimated their relative performance on social judgment
tasks (e.g., reading a partner’s emotions). The pattern of results parallel those
reported here in Study 5: estimated performance was largely unrelated to actual performance,
but estimated performance was strongly predicted by narcissism (measured
using the NPI-16). The eVect of narcissism on self-estimates persisted after
controlling for self-esteem and actual performance.