In terms of GHG emission allocation, ethanol production, distribution and dispensing would
result in a GHG saving of 347.76 gCO2e L-1. The highest GHG emission incurred in agricultural
activities is 2,413 gCO2e L-1. This result is reconciled with GHG emission reduction from carbon
sequestration of 1,379 gCO2e L-1, resulting in an overall GHG emission in cassava cultivations of 1,034 gCO2e L-1. With advanced technologies, the ethanol conversion phase leads to a GHG
emission reduction of 1,405 gCO2e L-1 from the CERs and CO2 collected from the fermentation
process. The ethanol distribution and dispensing phase has a small increase in GHG emissions,
amounting to 23.37 gCO2e L-1. The EF of gasoline production is reported to be 308.44 gCO2e L-1
[36]. The combustion emission of E5 is 5% lower than that of gasoline