is approximately 9° relative to the centreline. Additional radial profiles at x = 5, 20, 30, and 50 mm were measured and are published in [35].
In addition to the characterization of the flow field by statistical moments of the three velocity components, at selected locations time-series were measured to deduce temporal autocorrelation functions. Figure 4 exemplarily shows autocorre- lations for different radii at x = 10 mm. The differ- ent radial positions are marked by arrows in Fig. 3. These positions correspond to the maxima of the mean and fluctuation profiles of the axial velocity component in the fuel jet (position I) and the annular swirling flow (positions II and III). After a rapid initial decay due to turbulence, all correlations show relatively long living oscilla- tions of different wavelengths. Amplitudes of these oscillations decay downstream (not shown). Characteristic frequencies identified by FFT appear as peaks in the corresponding PSDs plot- ted in Fig. 4. At the centreline (position I) a peak only at 480 Hz occurs. In the intense shear layer (position II) frequencies of 480, 1290, and 2920 Hz show up. At this location the amplitudes are at maximum. For locations further outside (position III), all three frequencies are still present in the PSD but the high frequency of 2920 Hz is clearly dominant.
Corresponding to these frequencies Strouhal- numbers can be calculated based on the bulk velocity (46m/s) at the nozzle exit and the hydraulic diameter of the annular air slot. Strou- hal-numbers for 480, 1290, and 2920Hz are 0.29, 0.78, and 1.78, respectively. For various pressures between 2 and 6 bar identical frequen- cies are observed in the non-reactive case [35]. As all three operational points possess the same bulk velocity, the Strouhal-numbers are thus
is approximately 9° relative to the centreline. Additional radial profiles at x = 5, 20, 30, and 50 mm were measured and are published in [35].In addition to the characterization of the flow field by statistical moments of the three velocity components, at selected locations time-series were measured to deduce temporal autocorrelation functions. Figure 4 exemplarily shows autocorre- lations for different radii at x = 10 mm. The differ- ent radial positions are marked by arrows in Fig. 3. These positions correspond to the maxima of the mean and fluctuation profiles of the axial velocity component in the fuel jet (position I) and the annular swirling flow (positions II and III). After a rapid initial decay due to turbulence, all correlations show relatively long living oscilla- tions of different wavelengths. Amplitudes of these oscillations decay downstream (not shown). Characteristic frequencies identified by FFT appear as peaks in the corresponding PSDs plot- ted in Fig. 4. At the centreline (position I) a peak only at 480 Hz occurs. In the intense shear layer (position II) frequencies of 480, 1290, and 2920 Hz show up. At this location the amplitudes are at maximum. For locations further outside (position III), all three frequencies are still present in the PSD but the high frequency of 2920 Hz is clearly dominant.Corresponding to these frequencies Strouhal- numbers can be calculated based on the bulk velocity (46m/s) at the nozzle exit and the hydraulic diameter of the annular air slot. Strou- hal-numbers for 480, 1290, and 2920Hz are 0.29, 0.78, and 1.78, respectively. For various pressures between 2 and 6 bar identical frequen- cies are observed in the non-reactive case [35]. As all three operational points possess the same bulk velocity, the Strouhal-numbers are thus
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