2.2. Sample collection
All chickpea samples were purchased from a local certified company in Aydın, Turkey. They were harvested from nearby regions and during the same harvest period. Only the applied farming regimes were different. For the chickpeas grown under organic farming regime, chemical inputs, synthetic chemical pesticides, growth regulators, synthetically compounded fertilizers, hormones, preservatives, colorings or artificial additives
and the farm on which they were grown and processed have has operated under said regime for at least seven years. In contrast, these inputs were used in the production of the chickpeas grown via conventional farming regime.