notch. Once this dissection is complete, the EAM will
appear as a shiny white surface throughout its circumference.
The osseous ear canal is usually the thickest part of
the tympanic bulla to remove during LBO. Continue
bone removal from the ventral osseous ear canal and into
the ventral tympanic cavity with bone rongeurs. If the
bulla is sclerotic and proliferative, removing the ventral
aspect of the osseous ear canal may be very difficult. Using
an air-driven burr or Ruskin and Kerrison rongeurs may
help remove this bone.