The two independent variables examined in the study were hand
condition with four levels (cotton, nylon and nitrile gloves as well as
barehanded) and point of time within the 2 h duration of the task
(with measurements taken at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min). This test
duration was selected based on recommendation given by Bishu and
Goodwin (1997). Performance/capability measures were selected
based on their relevance to the simulated wire tying task with pliers.
The wire tying task was chosen because it is a typical assembly line
activity in which pliers are required and, more fundamentally in
relation to assessing the effects of wearing gloves, because it involves
a number of different hand/arm abilities such as hand grip and
forearm torque exertions, tactile sensitivity and movements of the
wrist. Therefore, the dependent variables measured in the present
study were: 1) the hand performance measures of muscle activity
and wrist posture which were recorded during the task, 2) the hand
capabilities of sensitivity of touch, peak hand grip strength and peak
forearm torque strength (which could be influenced by the wearing
of gloves and vary over the course of the work period), and 3)
subjective assessments of response to the work (including ratings of
ease of manipulation and of hand and finger discomfort).
The strength measurements in the study (hand grip strength
and forearm torque strength) tracked any force exertion decrement
over the work period and were not intended to be simple measures
of muscle strength characterizing the participant. Electromyographical
activities (EMGs) of the flexor digitorum superficialis
(FDS) and extensor digitorum (ED) muscles were measured based
on the role of these muscles in gripping actions when using pliers,
where they act as finger flexor and wrist stabilizer. Touch sensitivity
was measured in the palm and thenar areas of the hand, the two
pressure points likely while working with pliers.
The two independent variables examined in the study were handcondition with four levels (cotton, nylon and nitrile gloves as well asbarehanded) and point of time within the 2 h duration of the task(with measurements taken at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min). This testduration was selected based on recommendation given by Bishu andGoodwin (1997). Performance/capability measures were selectedbased on their relevance to the simulated wire tying task with pliers.The wire tying task was chosen because it is a typical assembly lineactivity in which pliers are required and, more fundamentally inrelation to assessing the effects of wearing gloves, because it involvesa number of different hand/arm abilities such as hand grip andforearm torque exertions, tactile sensitivity and movements of thewrist. Therefore, the dependent variables measured in the presentstudy were: 1) the hand performance measures of muscle activityand wrist posture which were recorded during the task, 2) the handcapabilities of sensitivity of touch, peak hand grip strength and peakforearm torque strength (which could be influenced by the wearingof gloves and vary over the course of the work period), and 3)subjective assessments of response to the work (including ratings ofease of manipulation and of hand and finger discomfort).The strength measurements in the study (hand grip strengthand forearm torque strength) tracked any force exertion decrementover the work period and were not intended to be simple measures
of muscle strength characterizing the participant. Electromyographical
activities (EMGs) of the flexor digitorum superficialis
(FDS) and extensor digitorum (ED) muscles were measured based
on the role of these muscles in gripping actions when using pliers,
where they act as finger flexor and wrist stabilizer. Touch sensitivity
was measured in the palm and thenar areas of the hand, the two
pressure points likely while working with pliers.
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