Monitoring and control of microbioreactors is a complex
task due to spacial limitations, small operating volumes
and, thus, possible influences of the measurement itself.
Therefore, non-invasive on-line monitoring methods,
such as, for example, fluorescence measurements, are
often applied. Ge and Rao showed the application of
optical disposable luminescent patches to determine pH,
dissolved oxygen tension (DOT) and CO2 in shake flasks