Multiple perspectives on information systems show that the study of information systems is a
multidisciplinary field. No single theory or perspective dominates. Figure 1-5 illustrates the major
disciplines that contribute problems, issues, and solutions in the study of information systems. In general,
the field can be divided into technical and behavioral approaches. Information systems are sociotechnical
systems. Though they are composed of machines, devices, and "hard" physical technology, they require
substantial social, organizational, and intellectual investments to make them work properly.