Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study participants
Variables
Manual
acupuncture Electroacupuncture
Age (years) 62.07 (7.60) 64.30 (10.24)
Height (m) 1.61 (0.09) 1.60 (0.08)
Body mass (kg) 74.23 (15.87) 74.03 (13.81)
Body mass index 28.83 (5.82) 29.09 (5.56)
Grades (Kelgren and Lawrence)
Grade II 17 (57%) 23 (77%)
Grade III 13 (43%) 7 (23%)
Grade IV 0 (0) 0 (0)
Gender
Men 4 (13%) 7 (23%)
Women 26 (87%) 23 (77%)
Marital status
Never been married/single 2 (7%) 3 (10%)
Married 18 (60%) 16 (53%)
Living with partner 1 (3%) 1 (3%)
Divorced 5 (17%) 2 (7%)
Widowed 4 (13%) 8 (27%)
Education level
Elementary 14 (47%) 15 (50%)
Secondary 6 (20%) 7 (23%)
Higher 3 (10%) 0 (0)
Graduate degree 1 (3%) 0 (0)
Master’s or Doctorate
degree
0 (0) 0 (0)
Did not answer 6 (20%) 8 (27%)
Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino 25 (83%) 26 (87%)
Non-Hispanic or
non-Latino
5 (17%) 4 (13%)
Did not answer 0 (0) 0 (0)
Race
Asian 1 (3%) 0 (0)
White 17 (57%) 19 (63%)
Indigenous 0 (0) 0 (0)
Brown 5 (17%) 6 (20%)
Black 4 (13%) 5 (17%)
More than one racial
heritage
3 (10%) 0 (0)
Did not answer 0 (0) 0 (0)
Operations
No 5 (17%) 3 (10%)
Yes 25 (83%) 27 (90%)
Categorical variables are expressed as number (%) and continuous
variables are expressed as mean (SD).