In the United Kingdom, the dish became popular in wider circles in London and South East England in the middle of the 19th century. While in the north of England a trade in deep-fried chipped potatoes developed. The first chip shop stood on the present site of Oldham's Tommyfield Market. It remains unclear exactly when and where these two trades combined to become the fish-and-chip shop industry we know. A Jewish immigrant, Joseph Malin opened the first recorded combined fish-and-chip shop in London in 1860 or in 1865 Mr.Lees pioneered the concept in the North of England, in Mossley, in 1863.