3.4. Patron-dependence in hardship scenarios
The most common hardship scenario in which a patron would be called upon for assistance (Fig. 7) across all villages was ‘fishing equipment failure’ (physical assets). ‘Child wants to attend university’ (human assets) presented the least frequent scenario for patron-dependency, with Nungwi showing zero dependency. Observation of ‘illegal fishing’ was removed from analysis as no respondent reported patron-dependence for enforcement of fisheries
management strategies or involvement in illegal fishing activity. Kizimkazi Mkunguni presented the most frequent reliance on patrons across all scenarios with the exception of ‘fishing equipment failure’, where the fishermen in Nungwi reported higher dependence. Therewas a significant difference in the frequencies of patron-dependence between villages for 8 of 9 scenarios (see supplementary information) with the exception being ‘learn a new
fishing technique’. The dendrograms in Figs. 8e10 show relative distances (greater distance meaning less similarity) in frequencies between scenarios within villages, not between villages. The idea is to distinguish the relative importance of the different roles that patrons play within fishing household livelihoods for each village. Common themes
within this analysis are the short- and long-term nature of scenarios where patrons may or may not play an important role for fishing households. In all villages, fishing equipment failure was by far the most common cited scenario when a fishing household would depend on a patron. In Kizimkazi Mkunguni (Fig. 8) the frequency with which a fishing household would depend on a patron in hardship scenarios involving conflict was similar to those
for other hardship scenarios. Other groupings include long-term hardship scenarios (improve household assets and child wants to attend university) and short-term hardship scenarios (illness in the family and household food shortage), although the short-term
hardship scenario grouping was less congruent than the groupings of conflict and long-term hardship scenarios. Reliance on patron during times of fishing equipment failure was by far the most distinct hardship scenario. In Paje (Fig. 9) there was more similarity in the distribution of frequencies for each of the hardship scenarios, identifiable by the shorter distance axis. Again hardship scenarios involving conflict were clustered into clades, this time together with declining marine natural resources. Fishing equipment failure remained the most distinct hardship scenario in which a fishing household would rely on a patron. Short- and long-term hardship scenarios were mixed into clades (child wants to go to university and household food shortage), indicating a less time-restricted role for patrons. The greatest difference in relative distances between frequencies for each hardship scenario was observed in Nungwi (Fig. 10). Fishing equipment failure was by far the most distinct hardship scenario in which a fishing household would call upon a patron. Short- and long-term hardship scenarios were clustered at similar distances, as in Kizimkazi Mkunguni (improve household
assets and child wants to go to university; illness in the family and household food shortage). Conflict scenarios were separated, although one conflict scenario (conflict with authorities) was clustered with declining marine natural resources.
3.4. Patron-dependence in hardship scenariosThe most common hardship scenario in which a patron would be called upon for assistance (Fig. 7) across all villages was ‘fishing equipment failure’ (physical assets). ‘Child wants to attend university’ (human assets) presented the least frequent scenario for patron-dependency, with Nungwi showing zero dependency. Observation of ‘illegal fishing’ was removed from analysis as no respondent reported patron-dependence for enforcement of fisheriesmanagement strategies or involvement in illegal fishing activity. Kizimkazi Mkunguni presented the most frequent reliance on patrons across all scenarios with the exception of ‘fishing equipment failure’, where the fishermen in Nungwi reported higher dependence. Therewas a significant difference in the frequencies of patron-dependence between villages for 8 of 9 scenarios (see supplementary information) with the exception being ‘learn a newfishing technique’. The dendrograms in Figs. 8e10 show relative distances (greater distance meaning less similarity) in frequencies between scenarios within villages, not between villages. The idea is to distinguish the relative importance of the different roles that patrons play within fishing household livelihoods for each village. Common themeswithin this analysis are the short- and long-term nature of scenarios where patrons may or may not play an important role for fishing households. In all villages, fishing equipment failure was by far the most common cited scenario when a fishing household would depend on a patron. In Kizimkazi Mkunguni (Fig. 8) the frequency with which a fishing household would depend on a patron in hardship scenarios involving conflict was similar to thosefor other hardship scenarios. Other groupings include long-term hardship scenarios (improve household assets and child wants to attend university) and short-term hardship scenarios (illness in the family and household food shortage), although the short-termhardship scenario grouping was less congruent than the groupings of conflict and long-term hardship scenarios. Reliance on patron during times of fishing equipment failure was by far the most distinct hardship scenario. In Paje (Fig. 9) there was more similarity in the distribution of frequencies for each of the hardship scenarios, identifiable by the shorter distance axis. Again hardship scenarios involving conflict were clustered into clades, this time together with declining marine natural resources. Fishing equipment failure remained the most distinct hardship scenario in which a fishing household would rely on a patron. Short- and long-term hardship scenarios were mixed into clades (child wants to go to university and household food shortage), indicating a less time-restricted role for patrons. The greatest difference in relative distances between frequencies for each hardship scenario was observed in Nungwi (Fig. 10). Fishing equipment failure was by far the most distinct hardship scenario in which a fishing household would call upon a patron. Short- and long-term hardship scenarios were clustered at similar distances, as in Kizimkazi Mkunguni (improve householdassets and child wants to go to university; illness in the family and household food shortage). Conflict scenarios were separated, although one conflict scenario (conflict with authorities) was clustered with declining marine natural resources.
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