John W Frost and Karen M. Draths from Michigan State University have developed ways to produce adipic acid, catechol, and DHS from glucose using genetically altered E. coli bacteria 2 The E. coli bacteria in this process are genetically engineered using recombinent DNA technology. In this process, a segment of DNA responsible for a desired quality is spliced out of one organism and subsequently added into the DNA of another organism giving the second organism the desired quality that was present in the first. Draths and Frost have used this technology to alter the metabolic pathway of glucose in E. coli (Scheme 6).