Observation of the gross pathology of the livers revealed few
differences between the O. viverrini-infected group treated
with praziquantel (OV_PZ) and the group also administered
T. laurifolia (OV_PZ_TL) and sacrificed after 2, 3, and
4 months. Liver surfaces were smooth, shiny, and strawcolored
bile fluid similar to normal but slightly opaque common
bile ducts (Fig. 2). Histopathological changes in all time
points consisted primarily of aggregations of inflammatory
cells surrounding the hepatic bile ducts and liver tissue and
hepatic bile duct proliferation. Histopathological changes in
the OV_PZ group by month 2 (Fig. 3a) were similar to those
observed in that group on months 3 and 4, with a different