4. Conclusions
The B. orellana seed extract have been characterized and chemical compound nor-bixin, which is yellow in color, was found maximum in the extract. The process of dyeing has rendered satisfactory results. Leathers dyed and finished using B. orellana
extract showed better rub fastness characteristics. Film adhesion was found to be good. Hence, dyeing and finishing of leather to different shades and with better properties using, B. orellana extract appears to be a viable option for commercial exploitations as a replacement for synthetic dyes and pigments