with potassium permanganate in order to maintain the primary
productivity of ponds.
Potassium permanganate may also be used to oxidise the
piscicides such as rotenone and antimycin7
. However, potassium
permanganate has been shown to be toxic in itself, with adverse
effects observed in some fish at concentrations of 2mg/litre in
tap water17. The toxicity of potassium permanganate, and its
effectiveness as a treatment appeared to be reduced by the
presence of organic matter in ponds