Nanosilica was obtained from sodium silicate solution using precipitation method. The reaction is as follows:
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The silica particles were generated from the solution by adding sulfuric acid as catalyst. The acidic condition of pH 2 indicates approximately the complete precipitation of silica from sodium silicate by the following reaction:
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At a low silicate concentration and with the pH less than 8, Si(OH)4 is the dominant species in its aqueous solution. At higher concentrations, the silanols, the Si(OH) groups, spontaneously polymerize to yield higher oligomers linked by a disiloxy bond. Such a reaction is most favorable when one of the silanols is deprotonated to a Si-O− group. These oligomers grow into colloid-sized silica particles in which larger particles grow at the expense of smaller ones. At a higher pH (greater than 8), however, the much more concentrated silicate solution is stable. This is because disiloxy bonds undergo nucleophilic attacks by OH− via a five coordinated intermediate.
Nanosilica was obtained from sodium silicate solution using precipitation method. The reaction is as follows:/static-content/images/137/art%253A10.1186%252F2228-5326-2-29/MediaObjects/40089_2012_25_Equ1_HTML.gifThe silica particles were generated from the solution by adding sulfuric acid as catalyst. The acidic condition of pH 2 indicates approximately the complete precipitation of silica from sodium silicate by the following reaction:/static-content/images/137/art%253A10.1186%252F2228-5326-2-29/MediaObjects/40089_2012_25_Equ2_HTML.gifAt a low silicate concentration and with the pH less than 8, Si(OH)4 is the dominant species in its aqueous solution. At higher concentrations, the silanols, the Si(OH) groups, spontaneously polymerize to yield higher oligomers linked by a disiloxy bond. Such a reaction is most favorable when one of the silanols is deprotonated to a Si-O− group. These oligomers grow into colloid-sized silica particles in which larger particles grow at the expense of smaller ones. At a higher pH (greater than 8), however, the much more concentrated silicate solution is stable. This is because disiloxy bonds undergo nucleophilic attacks by OH− via a five coordinated intermediate.
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