when schools were in recess after which the students in the
experimental schools were introduced by their teachers to the STAD, CL strategy as
contained in the teachers’ guide without disclosing to them that they were an experiment. The
teaching guide contained the general STAD, CL procedures, elements of cooperative
learning, team scores computation procedures, group and individual rewards, breakdown of
subtopics in scale drawing, teachers` and learners` activities, resources and references. The
guide assisted in having similar treatment in the experimental schools.