The strengths of this trial include the outstanding medication adherence, high rate of treatment retention, and consistency among the various outcomes. Slightly more than ninety percent of prescribed study medication was consumed, based on pill counts. Seventy six percent of subjects completed the trial. The secondary efficacy outcomes were consistent with the primary outcome of greater cocaine abstinence in the modafinil treated subjects. Modafinil treated subjects were more likely to rate themselves very much improved compared to placebo treated subjects. Modafinil treated subjects were more likely to report very low levels of cocaine craving intensity and duration compared to placebo-treated subjects.