Plant tissue culture, which is based on the idea of cellular totipotency, is an integral part of plant biotechnology. A number of crop species can be genetically transformed by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium or by biolistic bombardment. In either case, transgenic plants are obtained through aseptic culture of excised tissues via organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis. Regeneration of plants from isolated plant tissues is also a useful tool for large-scale propagation of certain species such as orchids. Selection of the appropriate nutrient medium and phytohormone supplements can be well defined, although it is arrived at by an iterative process for each species. It would not be an exaggeration to claim that the successful commercial development of biotechnologically improved crops since the early 1980s would not have been possible without plant tissue culture. Furthermore, the sustainable production of food, fuel, and fiber in the coming decades will require judicious use of plant biotechnology.
Keywords
de novo regeneration, headspace gas, large-scale propagation, nutrient medium, organogenesis, phytohormone balance, plant tissue culture, somatic embryogenesis
Plant tissue culture, which is based on the idea of cellular totipotency, is an integral part of plant biotechnology. A number of crop species can be genetically transformed by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium or by biolistic bombardment. In either case, transgenic plants are obtained through aseptic culture of excised tissues via organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis. Regeneration of plants from isolated plant tissues is also a useful tool for large-scale propagation of certain species such as orchids. Selection of the appropriate nutrient medium and phytohormone supplements can be well defined, although it is arrived at by an iterative process for each species. It would not be an exaggeration to claim that the successful commercial development of biotechnologically improved crops since the early 1980s would not have been possible without plant tissue culture. Furthermore, the sustainable production of food, fuel, and fiber in the coming decades will require judicious use of plant biotechnology.Keywordsde novo regeneration, headspace gas, large-scale propagation, nutrient medium, organogenesis, phytohormone balance, plant tissue culture, somatic embryogenesis
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