ข้อ 9. 18.3.1 Immobilization Techniques
Various approaches have been taken for the immobilization of microorganisms, animal and plant cells, and organelles. The various immobilization techniques used are sum¬marized in Table 18.1 (Brodelius and Mosbach, 1987), The most popular approach to immobilization is entrapment of cells in polymeric materials such as alginate,
carragee¬nan, polyurethane foam, polyacrylamide, or silica gel. Owing to the toxicity and detri-mental effect of polyacryalamide on cell viability, natural algal polysaccharides such as alginate and carrageenan have been the polymers of choice for microbial cell immobi¬lization (Cheetham and Bucke, 1984). Carrageenan is an algal polysaccharide extracted from algae of the class Rhodophyceae, while alginate is extracted from algae belonging