2. DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE BY VACUUM OVEN (AOAC No. 925.09)
Principle
The method is based on the drying of food sample under reduced pressure (typically 25-
100 mmHg) in a vacuum oven for a specified time and temperature and their dried mass is
determined. The boiling point of water is reduced when it is placed under vacuum. As lower
temperatures can be used to remove the moisture (e.g. 70oC instead of 100 oC), so problems
associated with degradation of heat labile substances can be reduced. The products high in sugar
and fat (> 10%) can be determined by this method and also be used for all food samples by
drying under vacuum at 70-100 oC.
Apparatus
1. Vacuum oven, capable of being controlled at 60-110 oC
2. Vacuum pump, capable of providing up to a pressure of 30 mm Hg
3. Drying oven, capable of being controlled at 50-100 oC, equipped with a suitable
thermometer
4. Analytical balance
5. Boiling water bath with removable rings to hold the drying containers
6. Main nutrients: Proximate composition, starch and sugar
7. Desiccator with desiccant such as silica gel. Ensure that the desiccant is activated prior
to use by heating in an oven at 100 oC until blue
8. Aluminum moisture cans or other appropriate drying containers
9. Tongs
10.Stirring rod
Procedures
1. Sample preparation
1.1 Preparation of drying container
Place container in the drying oven at 100 ± 5°C until constant weight (1 - 2 h). Cool
in a desiccator for about 30 min and weigh (W1). For liquid or semisolid sample, prepare drying
container with 15 - 20 g acid washed sand and a stirring rod.
2. DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE BY VACUUM OVEN (AOAC No. 925.09)PrincipleThe method is based on the drying of food sample under reduced pressure (typically 25-100 mmHg) in a vacuum oven for a specified time and temperature and their dried mass isdetermined. The boiling point of water is reduced when it is placed under vacuum. As lowertemperatures can be used to remove the moisture (e.g. 70oC instead of 100 oC), so problemsassociated with degradation of heat labile substances can be reduced. The products high in sugarand fat (> 10%) can be determined by this method and also be used for all food samples bydrying under vacuum at 70-100 oC.Apparatus1. Vacuum oven, capable of being controlled at 60-110 oC2. Vacuum pump, capable of providing up to a pressure of 30 mm Hg3. Drying oven, capable of being controlled at 50-100 oC, equipped with a suitablethermometer4. Analytical balance5. Boiling water bath with removable rings to hold the drying containers6. Main nutrients: Proximate composition, starch and sugar7. Desiccator with desiccant such as silica gel. Ensure that the desiccant is activated priorto use by heating in an oven at 100 oC until blue8. Aluminum moisture cans or other appropriate drying containers9. Tongs10.Stirring rodProcedures1. Sample preparation1.1 Preparation of drying containerPlace container in the drying oven at 100 ± 5°C until constant weight (1 - 2 h). Coolin a desiccator for about 30 min and weigh (W1). For liquid or semisolid sample, prepare drying
container with 15 - 20 g acid washed sand and a stirring rod.
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