It is also important to assess the ingestion of fluoride from other sources including food, beverages, vitamin supplements, toothpaste, and mouth rinses. Breast milk, cow milk, and ready to feed formula have negligible amounts of fluoride, though the fluoride in breast milk is most completely absorbed and use by the infant. If concentrated or powdered formula is reconstituted with fluoridated water, the infant receives adequate amounts of fluoride. If bottled or distilled water is used, fluoride is negligible. Reverse-osmosis filtering systems effectively remove fluoride from the water; charcoal filters do not. Carbonated beverages have varying amounts of fluoride, depending on the supply at the bottling plant. Parents should have well tested for fluoride content before a child is given supplements. It is also important to know the fluoride exposure from other settings such as day-care centers and schools. Optimum fluoride ingestion provides maximum anticaries protection with minimal fluorosis effects to the teeth. Concern about fluorosis has led to the adoption of revised fluoride supplementation guidelines by the American Dental Association’s Council on Dental Therapeutics (ADA), The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, and The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).